This guide was created by Jana Lonberger for HIST 349: The New South, taught by Dr. Joseph Crespino, Spring 2004.

Background Information (Encyclopedias, Bibliographies, Biography)

• Encyclopedias & Bibliographies

  Use encyclopedias and bibliographies to explore ideas for a research topic, find background information on a topic, or identify sources for further reading on a topic. This is a representative list of titles that provide relevant information on New South topics; for additional titles, search EUCLID or consult with Level 2 Reference Desk staff.

  • ABC-CLIO Companion to American Reconstruction, 1862-1877
    Reference E668 .R53 1996

  • American Historical Association's Guide to Historical Literature Highly recommended
    Reference Z6201 .A55 1995

  • Bibliographies and Indexes in American History
    (A series of titles on specific topics in U.S. history)
  • Bibliography of Religion in the South
    Reference Z7778 .S59 L56 1985

  • Cambridge Economic History of the United States
    HC103 .C26 1996 (7th floor)
  • Companion to Southern Literature: Places, People, Movements and Motifs
    Reference PS261 .C55 2002

  • Dictionary of American History Highly recommended
    Reference E174 .D52 2003

  • Encyclopedia of African-American Culture and History
    Reference E185 .E54 1996

  • Encyclopedia of American Cultural & Intellectual History
    Reference E169.1 .E624 2001

  • Encyclopedia of Religion in the South
    Reference BR535 .E52 1984

  • Encyclopedia of Southern Culture
    Reference F209 .E53 1989

  • Encyclopedia of Southern Literature
    Reference PS261 .S515 1997

  • Encyclopedia of the American Religious Experience
    Reference BL2525 .E53 1988

  • Encyclopedia of the United States in the Nineteenth Century
    Reference E169.1 .E626 2001

  • Encyclopedia of the United States in the Twentieth Century
    Reference E740.7 .E53 1996

  • New Georgia Encyclopedia
    

  • Harvard Guide to African-American History Highly recommended
    Reference E185 .H326 2001

  • Harvard Guide to American History Highly recommended
    Reference Desk Z1236 .F74 [1974]

  • Urban South: A Bibliography
    Reference Z7164 .U7 B69 1989

• Biography
  • African American Biographical Database
    Provides biographies of thousands of African Americans, many not found in any other source.

  • American National Biography
    Reference: CT213 .A68 1999
    The major biographical resource for U.S. history.

  • Biography and Genealogy Master Index
    Index to biographical sketches in hundreds of biographical sources. Check EUCLID to see if Emory owns the sources cited.

  • Biography Reference Bank
    Contains biographical information on approximately half a million people, from antiquity to the present, along with thousands of images. Contains both full text biographies and citations to magazine articles.

  • Biography Resource Center
    Provides biographical information from a variety of sources including the full text of many articles from the Dictionary of American Biography, cited below.

  • Dictionary of American Biography
    Reference: E176 .D56 1958
    An older, but still very useful set.
    
    

EUCLID Search Tips

• EUCLID, the library catalog, is a good place to begin your search for primary sources.

• The following is a sample list of EUCLID subject headings relating to your course topic:

AFRICAN AMERICANS--CIVIL RIGHTS--HISTORY--20TH CENTURY AFRICAN AMERICANS--SEGREGATION AFRICAN AMERICANS--SUFFRAGE AGRARIANS (GROUP OF WRITERS) AMERICAN LITERATURE--SOUTHERN STATES--HISTORY AND CRITICISM BLUES (MUSIC) CARTER, JIMMMY, 1924- CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENTS--UNITED STATES--20TH CENTURY COUNTRY MUSIC DU BOIS, W. E. B. (WILLIAM EDWARD BURGHARDT), 1868-1963 POPULISM RECONSTRUCTION POLITICAL PARTIES--SOUTHERN STATES SOUTHERN STATES--CIVILIZATION SOUTHERN STATES--ECONOMIC CONDITIONS SOUTHERN STATES--INTELLECTUAL LIFE--1865- SOUTHERN STATES--POLITICS AND GOVERNMENT or [name of state]--POLITICS AND GOVERNMENT SOUTHERN STATES--RACE RELATIONS SOUTHERN STATES--RELIGION SOUTHERN STATES--SOCIAL CONDITIONS WALLACE, GEORGE C. (GEORGE CORLEY), 1919- WASHINGTON, BOOKER T., 1856-1915 WHITE SUPREMACY MOVEMENTS WOMEN--SOUTHERN STATES--HISTORY or WOMEN--[name of state]--HISTORY

• When searching EUCLID by subject, we often recommend that you use the browse search mode, using standard subject headings like the above. Equally of use is performing a keyword (search everything) search, using one or two words that you feel describe the topic, for example, great migration . Then look at the subject headings attached to the results of your search, and browse on them.

• Look for works by individuals, associations, or other groups directly involved with the topic you are researching by searching for their names as authors.

• Look for works about an event published at the time of the event by limiting a complex search to the pubyears surrounding the event.

• To limit your search to materials in Woodruff's Special Collections & Archives Division, try limiting a complex search by location to SPECIALCOL.

• Complex searches may also be limited by location to MICROFORMS to retrieve records for primary source microform collections.

• The following subheadings, used with your subject, may identify useful source material:

Finding Secondary Literature On Your Topic

Try one of the following databases to find secondary literature that may in turn lead you to primary sources. There are many other relevant databases for New South research, depending on your topic. Use the Database Locator or relevant subject or course guides to identify additional databases.

• History
• America: History & Life (1964 to present) Highly recommended
  The major current indexing service in American history. Covers journal articles and, since 1974, book reviews and dissertations. In most cases this database does not include full text; check EUCLID for works cited.
  

• General / Multidisciplinary

• JSTOR (Coverage dates vary)
  Provides full text of articles in key scholarly journals in history and many other fields. Provides back years but not the most recent years of a journal (the "moving wall" concept). Research tip: JSTOR can be difficult to search because no standard subject headings are assigned to the articles it includes. You must search for words or phrases that are likely to be part of the full-text or title of relevant articles.
• Project MUSE (Coverage dates vary)
  Full-text access to scholarly journals published by major university presses. Covers literature and criticism, history, and many other fields.
• Academic Search Premier (at EBSCOhost) (1984 to present)
  Multidisciplinary database - includes articles from both scholarly journals and popular magazines in many fields. Some articles dating back to the 1960s and 1970s are included. Full text for many, but not all, of the articles is provided.
• Arts & Humanities Citation Index available via the Web of Science database (1975 to present)
  Called a "citation" index because the information about each article includes the article's cited reference list (its bibliography), thereby allowing you to search for articles that cite a known author or work. Does not include full text; check EUCLID for works cited.
• International Index Reference AI3 .I51 (1907-1965)
  Social Sciences and Humanities Index Reference AI3 .I51 (1966-1974)
  Social Sciences Abstracts (1984 to present; Print version: Reference AI3 .I51, 1966-1974)
  Humanities Abstracts (1984 to present; Print version: Reference AI3 .I52, 1975 to present)
  This series of indexes covers scholarly journals in history and many other fields. The main advantage to using these titles is that they go back so far in time, and thus these may provide primary as well as secondary source material depending on the time period involved.

• Literature
• MLA International Bibliography
  Print version: 4th floor Z7003 .M6 (1921 to present)
  Electronic version (OVID): (1963 to present)
  Electronic version (GALILEO): (1963 to present)
  Indexes critical scholarship on literature, language, linguistics, and folklore. Coverage includes journal articles, series, books, dissertations, bibliographies, proceedings, and other materials. Does not include full text; check EUCLID for works cited.
• Literature Online (Coverage dates vary)
  Fully searchable library of works of English and American poetry, drama and prose, plus biographies, bibliographies and key criticism and reference resources.
• Literature Resource Center (Coverage dates vary)
  Provides access to full text biographies, bibliographies and critical analysis of authors. Includes articles from Contemporary Authors, Contemporary Literary Criticism, Dictionary of Literary Biography, and much more.

• Politics and Public Policy
• PAIS (Public Affairs Information Service) International (1971 to present)
  Print version: Reference Z7163 .P92 (1915 to present)
  Index to journal articles, books, and selected local, state, national, and international government documents in the areas of public policy, social policy and the social sciences. Covers both secondary and primary source materials. Does not include full text; check EUCLID for works cited.
  
• CQ (Congressional Quarterly) Electronic Library (coverage dates vary)
  Congressional Quarterly is a commercial publisher who provides a wealth of historical and current information on the U.S. Congress. This database incorporates many files, including:
  
  • CQ Weekly, an online version of the printed CQ Weekly Report which provides authoritative, non-partisan information on congressional activity, including legislative voting analysis
    
  • CQ Researcher, a weekly that summarizes the most current and controversial issues of the day
    
  • CQ Congress Collection, providing historical analysis of members of Congress, their legislative voting behavior, interest groups, and their interactions in crafting public policy
    
  • CQ Supreme Court Collection, offers historical analysis and commentary on decisions plus biographical information on justices
  • CQ Voting and Elections Collection, offers data, analysis, and historical material on voting and elections
    
  • CQ Public Affairs Collection, public policy information organized by key topics
    

• International Political Science Abstracts (1989 to present)
  Indexes political science periodicals published worldwide. Does not include full text; check EUCLID for works cited.
• Worldwide Political Science Abstracts (1975 to present)
  Indexes international journal literature in political science and its complementary fields including international relations, law, and public administration/policy. Does not include full text; check EUCLID for works cited.

• Women's Studies
• Women's Studies International (1975 to present)
  Indexes all aspects of women's issues. Does not include full text; check EUCLID for works cited.

• You can request an article or book from another library via Interlibrary Loan. It's free, but it takes time (at least several days, often 10 days to 2 weeks) so plan ahead. You will receive an email message when a requested item is available for pick up at the Circulation Desk.
• You can photocopy an article or borrow a book from another Atlanta area library yourself:
  
  • As an Emory student, you may borrow materials from Georgia Institute of Technology, Georgia State University, and the University of Georgia using your EmoryCard.
  
  
  • You can also borrow materials from other local colleges/universities that are part of ARCHE: Atlanta Regional Consortium for Higher Education. Stop by the Woodruff Library Reference Desk for an Interlibrary Use Card.
  
  
  • See our Interlibrary Use Programs page for more details.

• Primary sources are firsthand accounts by participants and observers in the events or time periods being investigated.

• They are the evidence used in historical writing.

• They are as close as the researcher can get to "being there."

• They include diaries, letters, family or organization records, speeches, interviews, autobiographies, government documents, and newspaper and magazine articles contemporary to an event or period.

• The same document may be a primary source in one situation and a secondary source in another. For example, Woodrow Wilson's John Wesley's Place in History is a primary source if you are studying Woodrow Wilson's thought, but a secondary source if you are researching John Wesley.

Books

• Use EUCLID to identify books held in Emory's libraries. EUCLID Search Tips provides search strategies for finding primary sources in EUCLID.
• Evans Digital Edition (1639-1800)
  Based on Charles Evans' American Bibliography, this full text database, when complete, will contain a digitized version of more than 36,000 works published in this country between 1639 and 1800. A major resource for information about every aspect of life in pre-1800 America.
• Georgia Historic Books
  Full-text, fully searchable books, most from the 19th to early 20th century, focusing on Georgia history, biography, and literature.
• Use WorldCat or RLIN, "union catalogs" of items held in thousands of research and special libraries, to determine what else has been published on a topic. Then take advantage of Interlibrary Loan or Interlibrary Use privileges to obtain what you need.

Newspapers

For useful tips on using newspapers for research, and additonal newspaper sources in addition to those listed below, see Identifying and Locating Newspapers.

• Woodruff Library Newspaper List
  A list of newspapers available at the Woodruff Library. Use the Chronological Index to identify papers published within a particular time period and their place of publication. Use the Geographical Index to view details, including location and holdings for a particular newspaper.
• African American Newspapers in the Robert W. Woodruff Library
  A list of African American newspapers available at the Woodruff Library. Use the Chronological Index to identify papers published within a particular time period and their place of publication. Use the Geographical Index to view details, including location and holdings, for a particular newspaper.
  
• LexisNexis Academic (Coverage dates vary)
  Provides searchable access to the full text of national and regional newspapers, including recent years of the New York Times, Washington Post, and the Christian Science Monitor; wire services; broadcast transcripts; and international news. It also provides full text of primary source legal materials, including U.S. federal and state case law, codes, regulations, and Shepards Citations for all U.S. Supreme Court cases back to 1789.
• Factiva (Coverage dates vary)
  Full text of articles from business, economics, and news publications and newswires, including the Economist; the only online source for recent issues of the Wall Street Journal.

• New York Times Historical (1851-1999)
  Offers full page and article images with searchable full text back to the first issue. For more recent years of the New York Times, search Lexis-Nexis Academic.
  
• Wall Street Journal Historical (1889-1995)
  Offers full page and article images with searchable full text back to the first issue. For more recent years of the Wall Street Journal, use Factiva.

• Washington Post Historical (1877-1988)
  Offers full page and article images with searchable full text back to the first issue. For more recent years of the Washington Post, search Lexis-Nexis Academic.
  
• Christian Science Monitor Historical (1908-1991)
  Offers full page and article images with searchable full text back to the first issue. For more recent years of the Christian Science Monitor, search Lexis-Nexis Academic.
  
• Atlanta Newspapers: Guides to Indexes
  Availability and locations of indexes for the Atlanta Journal, Atlanta Constitution, Atlanta Daily World, Atlanta Inquirer, and Atlanta Weekly.
• Negro Progress in Atlanta, 1950-1960 (Reference: Z1361 .N39 M2)
  Negro Progress in Atlanta, 1961-1969 (Reference: Z1361 .N39 M21)
  These two print indexes list articles on Atlanta race relations during the modern civil rights era from four Atlanta newspapers: the Atlanta Journal, the Atlanta Constitution, the Atlanta Inquirer, and the Atlanta Daily World (an African-American paper).
• Georgia Historic Newspapers (1750 to 1925; coverage varies from paper to paper)
  Contains full text of three important historic Georgia newspapers, the Cherokee Phoenix, the Dublin Post, and the Colored Tribune.
  

• American Periodicals Series Online (1740 to early 20th century)
  Includes full text digitized images of American periodicals.
  
• Periodicals Contents Index (1800 to present)
  Indexes articles published worldwide in over 4,000 periodicals in the humanities and social sciences. Does not include full text; check EUCLID for works cited.
  
• Poole's Plus (19th-Century Masterfile) (1802 -1906)
  Provides online access to the major nineteenth century periodical indexes in English, including Poole' Index to Periodical Literature (1802-1906), Stead's Index to Periodicals (1890-1906), Richardson's Index to Periodicals in Religion (1890-1899), and the Cumulative Index to a Selected List of Periodicals (1896-1899). Does not include full text; check EUCLID for works cited.
  
• Reader's Guide to Periodical Literature
  Reference AI3 .R48 (1890 to present)
  The most respected index to U.S. popular and general interest magazines of the 20th century. This print index covers earlier years not available in online databases. Check EUCLID for journal titles that are referenced in Reader's Guide.
• Nation Digital Archive (1865-2002)
  The Nation is America's oldest weekly magazine.

Manuscript Collections

• The Special Collections and Archives Division (speccollref@emory.edu, 727-6887) of the Woodruff Library is open to all researchers, including Emory undergraduates. Special Collections houses many primary source materials, including rare books, manuscript collections (correspondence, diaries, journals, speeches, photographs, audiovisual and electronic materials, etc.), and organizational records (meeting minutes, financial records, ledgers, etc.) and other unpublished and published materials.

• Subject guides to manuscript collections in Woodruff's Special Collections are available for African American History and Culture, Atlanta History, Southern Literature, Civil Rights, and other selected broad subject areas.
• Digital Archive
  Special Collections has digitized a number of archival collections, including materials on journalist Ralph McGill, former Georgia senator Sam Nunn, and the YWCA of Greater Atlanta.

• The following databases will help you identify material in other archival and manuscript repositories:

  • RLIN Bibliographic File
    Search results in RLIN may be limited by material type of archival and mixed collections. Many RLIN archival repositories are making their internal finding aids available in the Archival Resources database.
  • WorldCat
    An Advanced Search in WorldCat may be limited to archival materials.
  • National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections
    Online access to manuscript collections throughout the country registered in the National Union Catalog of Manuscripts from the mid 1980s to the present.
  • Archives USA
    Includes all the earlier entries from the printed volumes of the National Union Catalog of Manuscripts. Regularly updated.

• To link directly to web sites of other manuscript and archives repositories, use Georgia Archival Repositories or Repositories of Primary Sources (nationwide).

• Many major primary source collections are made available in microformat (on microfilm or microfiche). In many cases, EUCLID contains records for individual items in a microform collection, and you will encounter them while searching EUCLID. In addition, guides to these collections are usually available in print or on the Web. All microforms and most microform collection guides are housed on the 1st floor of Woodruff.
• Following are a few examples of major microform sets available in the Woodruff Library.
• Civil Rights During the Kennedy Administration
  Micfilm 1643 (Overview of this collection)
  Print guide to the collection available at: Microguide KF4749 .C69 1986 (1st floor)
  
• Civil Rights During the Johnson Administration
  Micfilm 1578 (Overview of this collection)
  Print guide to the collection available at: Microguide KF4749 .C68 (1st floor)
  
• Civil Rights During the Nixon Administration
  Micfilm 1730 (Overview of this collection)
  Print guide to the collection available at: Microguide E185.615 .G85 1989 (1st floor)
  
• Records of Southern Plantations from Emancipation to the Great Migration
  Micfilm 4095 (Overview of this collection)
  Print guides to the collection available at: Microguide HQ1458 .S23 (1st floor)
  The evolution of the New South is detailed in its plantation records.
• Slavery, Source Material and Critical Literature
  Micfiche 1414
  Alphabetical list of titles in the collection
  Search for items in the collection (select "Slavery, Source Material and Critical Literature" from Collection Title list)
  Includes material from the Reconstruction era.
• Southern Women and Their Families in the 19th Century, Papers and Diaries
  Micfilm 2092 (Overview of this collection)
  Print guides to the collection available at: Microguide HQ1458 .S23 (1st floor)
  Writings of southern women, selected from the Southern Historical Collection at the University of North Carolina and other major repositories, offer opportunities for research on such themes as: changes in southern women’s perceptions of their roles from the antebellum years to the turn of the century; changes in behavior and attitudes of slaves and masters with the promise of emancipation; women’s thoughts on the controversial issues of their day, such as slavery, temperance, and women’s rights; and challenges and opportunities for women that appeared with Progressive-era ideology. Preserved in the accounts, correspondence, and financial records of the elite are rare sources of documentation on poor and working women.
• The Thomas E. Watson Papers
  Micfiche 3016 (Overview of this collection)
  Print guide to the collection available at: Microguide F215 .S35 1991 (1st floor)
  Georgia's Tom Watson was a major figure in the Populist movement. Studying Watson’s public life offers valuable insights on Populist and Democratic Party politics, race relations, rural poverty, antimilitarism, isolationism, and many other topics central to understanding the region and the times.
  
  
• Travels in the New South I & II, 1865-1955
  Micfiche 1339
  Alphabetical list of titles in the collection
  Search for items in the collection (select "Travels in the New South I & II" from Collection Title list)
  Travel accounts that offer accounts of life in the post-Civil War South, based upon an annotated bibliography by Thomas A. Clark which is available at Reference Z1251 .S7 C38.
  

Government Documents

• Following are a few good tools to help you identify U.S. government documents.
• LexisNexis Congressional (1789 to present)
  Search the "Historical Indexes" in Congressional Universe to identify items in the U.S. Serial Set, published and unpublished committee hearings, committee prints, and Senate executive documents and reports. The full text of all Statutes at Large back to 1789 are available under "Laws."
• Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States
  Print version in Government Documents Reference (2nd floor): AE 2.114: (Hoover, Truman to present)
  Online version (George H.W. Bush to present)
  Contains the public messages, speeches, and statements of the President. NOTE: Papers for Franklin D. Roosevelt and pre-1929 presidents have been published by non-government sources.
• LexisNexis Academic (Coverage dates vary)
  Provides full text of primary source legal materials, including U.S. federal and state case law, codes, regulations, and Shepards Citations for all U.S. Supreme Court cases back to 1789.
• PAIS (Public Affairs Information Service) International (1971 to present)
  Print edition: Reference Z7163 .P92 (1915 to present)
  Index to journal articles, books, and selected local, state, national, and international government documents in the areas of public policy, social policy and the social sciences. Does not include full text; check EUCLID for works cited.

Web Resources

• Relevant web sites on the New South cover a broad range of topics. Simply googling for sites on broad topics is likely to be futile. You are more likely to be successful in looking for names of current or historical figures or organizations (Ida B. Wells-Barnett, George Wallace, Populist Party, Scottsboro Boys).
• Evaluate carefully what you find on the Web! See Five Criteria for Evaluating Web Pages.
• The following list is offered only to provide a representation of the types of primary source material available on the Web. It is by no means comprehensive!
  • History Matters Highly recommended
    Great metasite that has a large listing of websites under the heading Southern States. You can also do a keyword search and limit your results to particular historical periods or types of material.
  • African-American Perspectives: Pamphlets from the Daniel A.P. Murray Collection, 1818-1907
    Part of the American Memory project at the Library of Congress. Presents a panoramic and eclectic review of African-American history and culture, spanning almost one hundred years from the early nineteenth through the early twentieth centuries, with the bulk of the material published between 1875 and 1900. Among the authors represented are Frederick Douglass, Booker T. Washington, and Ida B. Wells-Barnett.
  • American Experience (PBS)
    The Public Broadcasting System supports its American Experience series of history documentaries with a very good website that incorporates timelines, primary source documents, audio and video clips. etc.
  • American Life Histories: Manuscripts from the Federal Writers' Project, 1936-1940
    Part of the American Memory project at the Library of Congress. These life histories of Depression-Era residents of 24 states were written by the staff of the Folklore Project of the Federal Writers' Project for the U.S. Works Progress (later Work Projects) Administration (WPA) from 1936-1940.
  • American Memory: Historical Collections for the National Digital Library Highly recommended
    A gateway to rich primary source materials relating to U.S. history and culture. The Collection Finder is a good way to access the numerous collections available at this site.
  • American Slavery: A Composite Autobiography Highly recommended
    Includes the life histories of former American slaves and the transcripts of actual slave interviews conducted by individuals working for the Works Progress Administration (WPA) from 1936 to 1938. [Commercial product available to Emory community only.]
  • AmericanSouth.org
    Searchable listings of archival collections, journal articles, and websites related to the South. An Emory University Digital Library Research Initiative.

  • CPR Congressional Resources (Congressional Papers Roundtable)
    The Congressional Papers Roundtable of the Society of American Archivists maintains this site, which provides links to historical and current information about the U.S. Congress and its members. Most useful for this class is the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. In addition to brief biographical information, the Directory offers bibliographies and locations of members' research collections. Try searching for Georgia Senator Richard Russell for a good example of what you can expect to find.
  • Digital Library of Georgia
    Provides a wide variety of primary source materials relating to the culture and history of the state of Georgia. Collections as diverse as Georgia Historic Newspapers, President Jimmy Carter Daily Diary, and Baldy Editorial Cartoons (Southern political satire) are included.
  • Documenting the American South Highly recommended
    Sponsored by the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Provides a wide array of primary source material, including slave narratives and other first-person narratives, southern literature, Confederate imprints, and documents relating to the black church in the South.
  • History of Jim Crow
    Remembering Jim Crow
    Two complementary websites that provide both secondary and primary source material on the segregation and disfranchisement of African Americans. Read the review of these sites by Dr. Crespino.
  • Valley of the Shadow: Two Communities in the American Civil War
    Historian Edward Ayers and the Virginia Center for Digital History compiled this massive digital archive of primary sources that document the lives of people in two communities, one Northern and one Southern, from the time of John Brown's raid through the Reconstruction era.

• One of the best ways for finding reputable information on the Web is to make use of sites already evaluated and identified by librarians or scholars as academically sound. Try some of the following:
• WorldCat
  Librarians worldwide contribute records to the WorldCat database. Click on Advanced Search, enter your search terms, and at the bottom of the search form, limit your search to type internet resource.
• Subject/research guides created by librarians:
  Research Guides (Emory)
  Research Guides (by other members of the Association of Research Libraries) (Select an ARL institution and look on their website for "subject guides," research guides," or "course guides")
• Evaluation services produced by librarians. The emphasis in the following librarian-produced tools is onwebsites that are developed by academics or suitable for academic research:
  Librarians' Index to the Internet
  The Internet Scout Report
  INFOMINE: Scholarly Internet Resource Collections
  College & Research Libraries News Internet Resources Index

• Citation Styles, Style Manuals and Plagiarism (Woodruff Library Guide)
• Print versions of Chicago Manual of Style, Turabian, and other common style manuals are shelved next to the Level 2 Reference Desk.
• Citing online sources of information is still unfamiliar to many researchers. The popular citation style manuals that dictate citation conventions have not yet provided adequate guidance for citing electronic resources. The following links provide some guidance but lack consistency. The best course of action is to choose one citation style, base your e-resource citations on that style, and above all BE CONSISTENT.

  Citation Styles (Emory General Libraries)

  Documentation Guidelines (Duke Library)

  Guide for Citing Electronic Information (William Paterson University)

  Citation Style Guides (University of Georgia)

  Online! A Reference Guide To Using Internet Resources (University of Wisconsin--Madison Writing Center)

  Note that citing information found in a commercial database like JSTOR - that is, the type of databases listed in the library's Database Locator - differs from citing a "free" website. Here are examples of bibliography entries modelled on citation practices in the Chicago Manual of Style:

  Website:
  Maffly-Kipp, Laurie F. "An Introduction to the Church in the Southern Black Community." May 2001. In University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Libraries. Documenting the American South. [updated 17 September 2003; cited 15 October 2003]. Available from http://docsouth.unc.edu/church/introduction.html.

  Commercial Database:
  Samford, Patricia. "The Archaeology of African-American Slavery and Material Culture." William & Mary Quarterly 53 (January 1996): 87-114. In JSTOR [database online]. Cited 15 October 2003. Available from Woodruff Library, Emory University.

• EndNote is a software program that makes it possible to organize references in a database, which can be used to format citations and create bibliographies. EndNote is available at the Software Distribution Center in Cox Hall. For more information about EndNote at Emory and workshops at the Woodruff Library, go to: http://www.library.emory.edu/Endnote/index.html.