Religious Transformation
in Colonial India
Prof. Courtright, Fall 2001
Library Resource Guide
http://web.library.emory.edu/subjects/studies/soas/colonial.htm
Dr. Tim Bryson
Search Strategies and Representative Works
With the advent of the electronic age, researchers now have powerful
means at their disposal to locate resources; many texts are also
available online in full. We are still in transition, however; only
a very tiny percentage of all knowledge has been digitized, and
we are still a long way from a standard way of organizing and evaluating
online resources, not to mention a standard interface that links
them all together. Online research has become a new and sophisticated
skill necessary to almost everyone engaged in the analysis or generation
of knowledge.
No one search strategy works for all purposes. Here are brief descriptions
of the procedures and limitations of shelf
browsing, EUCLID searches,
use of print resources, and
internet searches.
To whet your appetite and provide starting points for your own
searches, I have included an itemized list of library works representative
of the genres of fiction,
institutional reports,
memoirs, newspapers,
orientalism, and missionary
works available at Emory as well as a few websites
of possible interest.
Finally, you can always get personal assistance at the library.
The Reference
Desk on the second floor of Woodruff is dedicated to helping
you with any questions concerning use of the library or online searching
for resources. The library offers several workshops
every quarter. And you should feel free to contact me for additional
more specialized help (7-1277, tbryson@emory.edu).
Search Strategies
- Browsing the shelves. This is
less efficient than browsing
call numbers in EUCLID because you will not see related items
that are checked out or that are shelved in storage, special collections,
or the microform collection.
-
EUCLID
- Author searches. This type of search is obviously
useful only if you know the names of relevant authors. Note
that in the time and place of colonial India, there are often
variant spellings. Researchers should be familiar with the
use of wildcard characters. E.g., for Rammohan Roy in EUCLID,
type "Roy, Rammoh?n" to catch the variants Rammohan
and Rammohun. Click Author to catch works by the person or
Search Everything to catch works about him or her in addition.
- Subject Searches. Here are some relevant LC subject
headings, standard in all research library catalogs. Type
in the heading then click Subject. LC subject headings
are not consistently applied in real-life cataloging, however,
so not all relevant items are labelled with the proper subject
heading, nor do the rules of subject cataloging catch items
that contain relevant material that is a secondary or tertiary
subject in a multi-dimensional work such as an anthology.
- Christianity and other religions--Hinduism.
- East India Company
- Hinduism--Relations--Christianity.
- India--History--British occupation, 1765-1947
- India--Description and travel
- India--in Literature
- Missions--India.
- Missionaries--India
- Browse Call Numbers. You
can browse call numbers in EUCLID. Aside from saving you the
trouble of browsing them physically, this will catch items
in storage or in Woodruff's special collections or those that
are checked out or on reserve. However, it will not find related
items that do not have LC call numbers, such as Microfilm
or items in Theology special collections. Here are some examples.
The procedure is to click the "Browse Shelves" tab,
enter the call number e.g., DS463, then click the "browse
shelves" button.
- BR128.H5 Relation of Christianity to Hinduism.
- BT1235.H5 Christian apologetics against Hinduism.
- DS405 India Gazetteers (printed; see also microfilm)
- DS412 India Description and Travel 1762-1858
- DS463 History of India 1761-
- DS485.B48 History of Bengal 1701-1850
- HF486.E5 History of the East India Company
- PR129 .I5 Influence of India on English literature
- PR830.I6 Prose fiction with India as the special topic
- PR9480 Indians writing literature in English (PR9499.2
Individual authors in the 19th century)
- Complex Searches. Complex searches give you more
flexibility and power. For example, you can use the following
search to find everything published between 1774 and 1857
with the keyword India appearing anywhere in the record.
- Click Complex Search
- On the first line (Words or phrase) type the
following: India not "West India" (including
quotes).
- Type 1774-1857 (no quotes) in the pubyear field
(under Search Limits)
- Click pbyr in the sort field to have results
sorted by publication year (default is sorting by acquisition
date in reverse order.)
- Click Search Catalog
- 216 hits on 8/24/01.
- Limitations:
- Irrelevant items. Note that we had to start
with 1774 rather than 1756; I discovered that any
earlier date will capture in addition only pre-Revolutionary
American publications concerning American colonial
issues. In addition, we added the phrase "not
'West Asia' for similar reasons. Even so, our search
was not laser sharp. Sometimes marginally relevant
items create fresh new perspectives; sometimes, mere
frustration. For example, we caught some peripherily
interesting items such as American anti-colonial literature,
advertisements of India goods by importers, and syllabi
for courses at the East India College, as well as
some probably irrelevant items such as a poem about
the discovery of India by Vasco da Gama, an ad for
a wax museum that contains an image of an East-India
porcupine, navigation aids for sailing to India, and
memoirs by or about East India merchants in contexts
outside of India--not to mention any old book printed
on "India paper".
- Missing items.
- Note that reprints of works originally published
in this period do not show up in the hit list,
e.g., James Mill's History of British India.
- Reports or memoirs of travel in this period
that were published afterwards or in anthologies
are also missing, e.g., Journal of a tour in
upper India : performed during the years 1838-39.
1872.
- Other relevant works that do not show up are
those that, for one reason or another, do not
have the keyword India, e.g., those by Rammohan
Roy. Another option is to use the same complex
search but type in Calcutta instead of India because
most items published in India at that time were
published in Calcutta and the word India may not
appear anywhere in the record. On 8/30/01 such
a search generated 21 extra hits.
- Printed References. Most of the printed
guides remain only in print and should not be overlooked. Aside
from general reference works such as encyclopedias and biographical
dictionaries, consult specialized bibliographies, e.g., the guides
to Imperial Gazetteers,
and histories. Here are some examples showing the diversity of
options. Most of these were found using a complex search with
keyword India and location Reference.
- Baagø, Kaj. Library of Indian Christian theology
: a bibliography. 1969.
- Dickinson, Richard D. N. Directory of information for
Christian colleges in India.
- Liebert, Gösta. Iconographic dictionary of the Indian
religions... 1976.
- Mansingh, Surjit. Historical dictionary of India.
1996.
- Murdoch, John. Catalogue of the Christian vernacular
literature of India, with hints on the management of Indian
tract societies. 1870.
- Rajan, Balachandra. Under western eyes : India from Milton
to Macaulay.
- Riddick, John F. Who was who in British India. 1998.
- Robinson, Francis. Cambridge encyclopedia of India...
1989
- Sen, Siba Pada. Dictionary of national biography.
1972.
- Sharma, Jagdish Saran. The national geographical dictionary
of India.1972.
- Sever, Adrian. British Parliamentary papers relating
to India, 1662-1947.
- Young, Richard Fox. Resistant Hinduism : Sanskrit sources
on anti-Christian apologetics in early nineteenth-century
India. 1981.
- Yule, Henry, Sir. Hobson-Jobson; a glossary of colloquial
Anglo-Indian words and phrases.
- Internet
- Databases and Catalogs Accessible from the Database Locator
at Research Central.
There may be others that are also useful.
- Use the ATLA
Religion Database to find articles published since
1949 on religion in colonial India.
- Bibliography
of Asian Studies. Accessible from the Information
Gateway in EUCLID, this database is especially helpful
in finding recent books and articles. It includes all
the earlier printed versions published by the Association
for Asian Studies.
- RLIN
enables you to get relevant items, esp. monographs,
via InterLibrary Loan from other research libraries. Use
this online catalog to search for items at over 150 major
research institutions in the US and abroad. You can use
author, title, or subject keywords. When you find an item,
click the request button for interlibrary loan.
- Try World
Cat if you want to cast an even wider net;
this online catalog includes thousands of other libraries
around the world.
- Search engines.
- The more powerful search engines use boolean
searches. Knowledge of them is basic to online research.
- Northern
Light is a good general research oriented search engine
because it evaluates the quality of websites and groups
them in rational categories.
- Caveats.
- There are resources that contain data not easily
or entirely searchable or accessible from general
search tools like Google.
- Most results from general search engines will not
be sorted in any useful order because the search engines
do not use any standard organizational schemes like
LC subject headings and they often will sell higher
slots in results lists to the highest bidders.
- There is no filter for distinguishing primary material
from secondary.
- You cannot always be sure of the authenticity of
the materials being presented or the scholarly credentials
of the authors or producers. See "Thinking
critically about world wide web resources."
- For these reasons, almost every individual class
or research project requires the creation of a customized
list of websites that have been discovered through
multiple imaginative searches and carefully evaluated
for relevance and reliability.
- Websites
Some representative EUCLID titles
(titles in italics)
-
Fiction
- D'Oyly, Charles, Sir, 1781-1845. Tom Raw, the Griffin:
a burlesque poem, in twelve cantos: illustrated by twenty-five
engravings, descriptive of the adventures of a cadet in the
East India company's service. 1828. PR4626 .D6 T6 SPECIALCOL
- De Quincey, Thomas, 1785-1859. Confessions of an English
opium-eater. 1823. Dreams of India. PR4534 .C6 1823 SPECIALCOL
- Quiz, 1899-1982. The grand master; or, Adventures of
Qui Hi? in Hindostan. / A Hudibrastic poem in eight cantos.
1816. PR5197 .Q5 SPECIALCOL
-
Institutional reports
-
East India Companies
- An act for continuing in the East India Company,
for a further term, the possession of the British territories
in India, together with certain exclusive privileges.
1813.
- An act for defraying the charge of retiring pay,
pensions, and other expences of that nature, of His Majesty's
forces serving in India; for establishing the pensions
of the bishop, archdeacons, and judges; for regulating
ordinations.... 1823.
- An act for effecting an arrangement with the East
India Company, and for the better government of His Majesty's
Indian Territories. 1833.
- East India Company of North America. Constitutional
articles of the Association of the East India Company
of North-America. 1793.
- East-India Marine Society of Salem. By-laws and regulations
of the East India Marine Society, Massachusetts. 1800.
- James, Joseph. India trader's directory. 1800.
- The law relating to India, and the East-India Company.
1841.
-
Gazetteers
- Gazetteers of India in the British period: Guide
to the microform collection Gazetteers of India in the
British period. 1991.
- Scholberg, Henry. The district gazetteers of British
India. A bibliography. 1970.
-
Miscellaneous
- Calcutta Female Juvenile Society. The third report
of the Calcutta Female Juvenille Society : for the establishment
and support of Bengalee female schools, 1823.
-
Memoirs (non-missionary)
- Burges, Bartholomew. A series of Indostan letters [microform].
1790.
- Burnes, Alexander, Sir, 1805-1841. Narrative of a voyage
on the Indus, from the sea to Lahore, performed under the
orders of the Supreme Government of India in 1831, 1832, 1833.
1835. DK873 .B87 SPECIALCOL
- Campbell, Donald, 1751-1804. A journey over land to India,
[microform]. 1797.
- Griffin, John, 1769-1834. Memoirs of Captain James Wilson
: containing an account of his enterprises and sufferings
in India, his conversion to Christianity, his missionary voyage
to the South seas, and his peaceful and triumphant death.
1822.
- Montauban, Eliot, Mrs. A year and a day in the East,
or, Wanderings over land and sea. 1846.
- Mountnorris, George Annesley, Earl of, 1769-1844. Voyages
and travels to India, Ceylon, the Red Sea, Abyssinia, and
Egypt, in the years 1802, 1803, 1804, 1805, and 1806.
1809.
- Robert Gregory papers, 1774-1810. (East India merchant)
MSS624A
SPECIALCOL
- Tod, James, 1782-1835. Lt. Col. James Tod's travels in western
India.
-
Newspapers and magazines.
-
Orientalist Literature
- Anquetil-Duperron, M. (Abraham-Hyacinthe), 1731-1805. Oupnek'hat,
id est, Secretum tegendum : opus ipsa in India rarissimum.
1801-1802. Latin translation of the Upanishads.
- Bird, James, 1797-1864. Historical researches on the
origin and principles of the Bauddha and Jaina religions.
1847.
- Dubois, J. A. (Jean Antoine), 1765-1848. Description
of the character, manners, and customs of the people of India.
1818.
- Halhed, Nathaniel Brassey, 1751-1830. The Code of Gentoo
laws.
- The History of the trial of Warren Hastings. 1796.
- Maurice, Thomas, 1754-1824.
- The history of Hindostan. 1795-1799.
- The modern history of Hindostan. 1802-1803.
- Mill, James. History of British India. 1817. DS463
.M64
- Müller, F. Max (Friedrich Max), 1823-1900, ed. Rig-Veda-Sanhita.
Published under the patronage of the Honourable The East-India-Co.
: W.H. Allen,
1849-74.
- Murray, Hugh, 1779-1846. Historical and descriptive account
of British India. 1831.
- Robertson, William, 1721-1793. An historical disquisition
concerning the knowledge which the ancients had of India;
[microform]. 1792.
- Wilson, H. H. (Horace Hayman), 1786-1860. A glossary
of judicial and revenue terms, and of useful words occurring
in official documents relating to the administration of the
government of British India. 1855.
-
Religious Literature
-
Western
- American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions.
Statement respecting the native free schools in Bombay.
1827.
- The
annual report of the Calcutta Baptist Missionary Society.
1825.
- Barrett, Joseph. The duty of Britons to promote,
by safe, gradual, and efficacious means, the progress
of Christianity and civilization in India. 1813.
- Brief narrative of the Baptist mission in India.
1811.
- British India : the duty and interest of Great Britain,
to consider the condition and claims of her possessions
in the East. Addresses delivered before the members of
the Society of Friends, at their yearly meeting --
1839.
- Buchanan, Claudius, 1766-1815. The star in the East;
containing an account of the Jubilee, celebrated by the
natives of India, in commemoration of the event of their
receiving the gift of the Bible. 1810.
- Calcutta Auxiliary Church Missionary Society. The
third report of the Calcutta Auxiliary Church Missionary
Society. 1826.
- Carey, William, 1761-1834. Letter from the brethren
at Serampore : to the committee of the Baptist Missionary
Society in London. 1828.
- Church of England. A form of prayer and thanksgiving
to Almighty God : for the signal victories obtained by
the troops of Her Majesty and by those of the honourable
East India Company in the vicinity of the Sutledge, whereby
the unjust and unproveked aggression of the Sikh.
1846.
- Conferences between the Danish Christian missionaries,
resident at Tranquebar, and the heathen natives of Hindoostan
[sic]. 1812.
- A Dialogue between Farmer Trueman and his son George,
about the cannibals in India : who not only eat their
prisoners, but actually devour their aged relations!!!
182?.
- Duff, Alexander, 1806-1878.
- The Church of Scotland's India mission. 1835.
- India and India missions [microform]: including
sketches of the gigantic system of Hinduism..
1840.
- Dulles, John W. (John Welsh), 1823-1887. Life in
India; or, Madras, the Neilgherries, and Calcutta. / Written
for the American Sunday-School
Union. 1855.
- Foster, John, 1770-1843. A discourse on the communication
of Christianity to the people of Hindoostan. 1821.
- Free New North Church (Edinburgh). The first fruits
of India unto Christ : being a correspondence with the
native student converts of Calcutta, Bombay, and Madras.
1847.
- Grierson, Miss. Labourers in the East, or, Memoirs
of eminent men, who were devoted to the service of Christ
in India... 1823.
- Harvard, W. M. (William Martin), 1790-1857. A narrative
of the establishment and progress of the missions to Ceylon
and India. 1823.
- Heber, Reginald, 1783-1826. Anglican Bishop of Calcutta,
1823-26.
- Narrative of a journey through the upper provinces
of India. 1828.
- Sermons preached in India
- Knill, Richard, 1787-1857. The missionary's wife
[microform] : or, A brief account of Mrs. Loveless, of
Madras, the first American missionary to foreign lands.
1839.
- Le Bas, Charles Webb, 1779-1861. The life of the
Right Reverend Thomas Fanshaw Middleton, D.D. : late Lord
Bishop of Calcutta. 1831.
- Malan, Solomon Caesar, 1812-1894. An outline of Bishop's
College : and of its missions in the neighbourhood of
Calcutta. 1843.
- Marshman, Joshua, 1768-1837. A memoir of the Serampore
translations for 1813. 1815.
- Missionary museum; or, An account of missionary enterprises
in conversations between a mother and her children ...
1831.
- Munger, Sendal Barnes. The conquest of India by the
church. 1845.
- The Native's friend. 1840-1844.
- Newell, Harriet, 1793-1812. Memoirs of Mrs. Harriet
Newell : wife of the Rev. Samuel Newell, American missionary
to India.
- Noel, Baptist Wriothesley, 1798-1873. Duty of Christians
towards the female children of India. 1836.
- Nott, Samuel, 1788-1869. A sermon on the idolatry
of the Hindoos. 1817.
- Peggs, James, 1793-1850. A letter to the Right Honourable
Sir Robert Peel, Bart. First Lord of Her Majesty's Treasury,
on the present state of British connexion with idolatry
in India and Ceylon. 1843.
- Phillips, Charles, 1787?-1859.Two speeches in defence
of the Christian religion. 1819.
- Read, Hollis, 1802-1887. The Christian Brahmun; or,
Memoirs of the life, writings, and character of the converted
Brahmun, Babajee [1791-1833]. Including illustrations
of the domestic habits, manners, customs, and superstitions
of the Hindoos. 1836.
- Sargent, John, 1780-1833. A memoir of the Rev. Henry
Martyn, B. D., late fellow of St. John's college, Cambridge,
and the chaplain to the Honourable East India company.
1831.
- Shepherd, Henry. The inefficiency of the ecclesiastical
establishment of India considered, in reference to the
expediency of appointing a second bishop. with further
remarks on the practicability of abolishing suttees.
1829.
- Townley, Henry. An answer to the Abbé Dubois;
in which the various wrong principles, misrepresentations,
and contradictions, contained in his work, entitled "Letters
on the state of Christianity in India," are pointed
out. 1824.
- United Methodist Church (U.S.). Board of Global Ministries.
Records.
- Ward, William, 1769-1823. Farewell letters to a few
friends in Britain and America, on returning to Bengal,
in 1821. 1821.
- Weitbrecht, Mary Edwards. Female missionaries in
India microform. 1843.
- White, Joseph, 1745-1814. Sermon on the duty of
attempting the propagation of the gospel among our Mahometan
& Gento subjects in India. 1784.
- Wilson, Daniel, 1778-1858. A valedictory address
from the bishop, archdeacon, and clergy of Calcutta and
its neighbourhood : to the Reverend W.H. Mill, D.D., principal
of Bishop's College, on his final departure from India.
1837.
- Wilson, John, 1804-1875. The British sovereignty
in India : a sermon preached in St. Andrew's Church, Bombay.
1835.
- Wyckoff, William H. (William Henry), 1807-1877. The
American Bible Society and the Baptists... giving their
reasons for rejecting the Baptist versions of the Scriptures
in India. 1842.
-
Indian
- Roy, Rammohan. See his translations of Indian texts,
responses to missionaries, e.g., his Precepts of Jesus,
and his writings on sati.
- Roberts, William, of Madras. A letter to the Unitarian
Society of London / from William Roberts, a native Unitarian
Christian. 1818.
- Young, Richard Fox. Resistant Hinduism : Sanskrit
sources on anti-Christian apologetics in early nineteenth-century
India. 1981. BR128 .H5 Y68
Websites
- British
Library's Oriental and Indian Office Collections
- The collections of the India Office Library and Records reflect
the territorial interests and activities of the East India Company
and the India Office, and include literature and documents on
India, Pakistan, Burma, Bangladesh and neighbouring countries
- Family History
in India
- For people tracing their British, European and Anglo-Indian
family history in India, Burma, Pakistan and Bangladesh. Images,
maps, databases.
- Church
Records in Colonial India
- Protestant and Catholic churches began to keep records in
India in 1698 (Madras), 1709 (Bombay) and 1713 (Bengal). Each
year, these records were transcribed and sent to the capital
of the Presidency, where they were indexed. The records and
indexes were then sent to headquarters in London. This practise
ceased at Independence in 1947. All of the church record transcriptions
and indexes have been microfilmed by the Latter Day Saints and
are available on microfilm at your nearest LDS Family History
Centre.
-
- Guide to Writings
By or About Women in Pre-Independent India
- Historical
Maps of India
- Includes images of maps produced in late 18th, early 19th
century.
- South
Asia Resource Access on the Internet (SARAI)
- Take a look in particular at Libraries,
Reference Tools, & Bibliographic Resources and at E-Books:
Full-Text Online Books on South Asia
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